These colorations may partially be due to past hybridization with dogs and wolves ( Green et al., 1994).
Also, coyotes in the New England states (see previous paragraph) may differ in colour from typical western coyotes. Coyote-dog and coyote-wolf hybrids exist in some areas and may vary greatly from typical coyotes in size, colour, and appearance. Coyote-dog hybrids exhibit decreased fecundity ( Mengel, 1971 Wheeldon et al., 2013). lupus), and red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes) ( Bekoff, 1977 Chapman and Feldhamer, 1982). latrans than they are to western wolves (see below).įertile hybrids have been produced by matings of coyotes with feral dogs ( C. These differences are thought to be a result of hybridization with eastern wolves in southern Ontario and possibly southern Québec ( Kays et al., 2010 Wheeldon et al., 2010), which are argued by Wilson et al. or the Eastern Coyote they tend to tend to be bigger than their western counterparts, and more likely to hunt in packs ( Schadler, 2010). In addition to these subspecies, coyotes in the north-eastern USA, Ontario, Québec and the maritime provinces of Canada (where the species has been present for only a few decades) are known as Canis latrans var. latrans umpquensis Jackson (northwest coast coyote)Ĭ. latrans thamnos Jackson (northeastern coyote)Ĭ. latrans texensis Bailey (Texas plains coyote)Ĭ. latrans peninsulae Merriam (peninsula coyote)Ĭ. latrans ochropus Eschscholtz (California valley coyote)Ĭ. latrans microdon Merriam (Lower Rio Grande coyote)Ĭ. latrans mearnsi Merriam (Mearns coyote)Ĭ. latrans lestes Merriam (mountain coyote)Ĭ. latrans jamesi Townsend (Tiburon Island coyote)Ĭ. latrans incolatus Hall (northern coyote)Ĭ. latrans impavidus Allen (Durango coyote)Ĭ. latrans frustror Woodhouse (southeastern coyote)Ĭ. latrans dickeyi Nelson (Salvador coyote)Ĭ. latrans clepticus Elliot (San Pedro Martir coyote)Ĭ. latrans cagottis (Hamilton-Smith) (Mexican coyote)Ĭ. Nineteen subspecies are currently recognized ( Bekoff, 1977 Hall, 1981):Ĭ. The currently accepted scientific name for the coyote is Canis latrans Say. Attacks on humans are infrequent although increasing. It also threatens some endangered species, and sometimes kills pets. Its main negative impact is as a predator of livestock.
It continues to expand its distribution and occupy most areas between 8°N (Panama) and 70°N (northern Alaska). and Mexico, southwards into Central America, and northwards into most of Canada and Alaska. It is thought to have expanded north and west during the 19 th century with land conversion and removal of wolves after 1900, it expanded into all of the U.S. and Canada, and northern and central Mexico, prior to European settlement. It is believed to have been restricted to the south-west and plains regions of the U.S. The species is very versatile, especially in its ability to exploit human-modified environments.
It is abundant throughout its range and is increasing in distribution as humans continue to modify the landscape. It occurs as far north as Alaska and in all but the furthest north-eastern parts of Canada. Canis latrans is a member of the dog family that has a wide distribution throughout North America, including Mexico, and into Central America as far south as Panama.
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